[Lipid profile and nutrition counseling effects in adolescents with family history of premature coronary artery disease].

OBJECTIVE To assess lipid profile and nutritional parameters from adolescents with family history of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and assess the effects of nutritional counseling. METHODS The study included 48 adolescents of both gender and with ages ranging from 10 and 19 years old (case group, n=18; control group, n=30). RESULTS Offspring of young individuals with coronary artery disease showed higher values of total cholesterol (189 +/- 30 vs. 167 +/- 26 mg/dl, p < 0.01), LDL-C (144 +/- 20 vs. 100 +/- 27 mg/dl, p < 0.001) and apoB (80 +/- 15 vs. 61 +/- 18 mg/dl, p = 0.001) and lower values of HDL-C (45 +/- 9 vs. 51 +/- 13 mg/dl, p < 0.02) than control young individuals. Differences were not found for triglycerides and apoA-I. With a dietotherapeutic counseling, we obtained a reduction in alimentary consumption of saturated fatty acids (pre: 15.5 +/- 4.7% vs. post: 6.6 +/- 3.7%, p = 0.003) and an improvement in lipid profile: TC (-8%, p = 0.033), LDL-C (-18.2%, p = 0.001), TG (-53%, p = 0.002) rates in offspring of premature CAD patients who showed hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSION The presence of dyslipidemia was more prevalent among offspring adolescents of premature CAD patients, but it was responsive to nutritional intervention.